Kok boru
KG · Көк бөрүAn ancient horseback game: two teams fight for the ulak and throw it into the rival’s tai-kazan.
Kok boru (also ulak tartysh) is one of the oldest horseback games of the Kyrgyz people. Riders of two teams fight on horseback for the ulak — a goat carcass — and try to throw it into the opponents’ tai-kazan. Each throw scores one point; the team with more points wins.
“Kök böru” means “grey wolf”. Legend has it that herders chased a wolf that had attacked the flock and snatched it from one another; later the wolf was replaced by a goat. The game tested a young man’s courage, horsemanship and teamwork.
Similar games are played across Central Asia: kokpar in Kazakhstan, ulak in Uzbekistan, buzkashi in Afghanistan. In 2017 “Kok boru, traditional horse game” was inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Since 2014 it has been the headline event of the World Nomad Games.
Key numbers
- On the UNESCO list since 2017
- 4 riders per team on the field
- Match: 3 periods × 15 minutes
Source: Rules of the game “Kok Boru”, Kok Boru Federation of the Kyrgyz Republic (2024); UNESCO.